Cerebrovascular Disease

Cerebrovascular disease is a condition that affects the blood vessels supplying the brain, similar to how coronary artery disease affects the heart. The brain requires a continuous flow of oxygen-rich blood, delivered through a network of arteries, to function properly. Over time, these arteries can become narrowed or blocked due to the buildup of fatty deposits such as cholesterol, a process known as atherosclerosis. Reduced blood flow can prevent parts of the brain from receiving enough oxygen, leading to symptoms like weakness, confusion, or difficulty speaking. In severe cases, a blood clot may completely block an artery, causing a stroke, which can result in long-term brain damage or disability. Treatment focuses on managing risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking. In addition, medical interventions including neuroendovascular or neurosurgical procedures may be performed to restore proper blood flow, prevent strokes, and protect brain health. Early detection and care are essential for reducing complications and improving outcomes.